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Emotional Development
Pregnancy

Emotional Development

2 min readWeek 8
Key takeaways
2 min
  • Talk to your baby frequently using affectionate, cheerful tones as babies respond better to expressive speech than neutral voices.
  • Expect major emotional milestones between 2-6 months including social smiling, cooing, hand waving, and following objects with their eyes.
  • Watch for targeted emotional responses around 6 months when babies begin smiling, clapping, shouting, and babbling more consciously.
  • Recognize that babies don't understand words yet but can distinguish different voice intonations and emotional tones.
  • Observe how your baby turns their head toward familiar voices and shows recognition of mama and dada during this crucial development stage.

Baby emotional development begins around 2-6 months when infants start social smiling, cooing, following faces, and responding to familiar voices. Key milestones include turning toward sounds, hand waving, back arching, and by 6 months, more targeted responses like deliberate smiling and babbling.

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Emotional Development

At this very important stage in your son’s life, he begins to react emotionally to the outside world, especially his most familiar objects — mama and dada.

He turns his head at the sound of footsteps or voices, follows your face or the toy you are holding with his eyes. He happily waves his hands, arches his back and starts smiling socially. And most importantly, he coos! Yes, he’s learning to make sounds other than crying [1].

Usually, babies start a whole new set of skills at once. During months two to six, you will see an amazing amount of development. As six months approaches, you will see your son’s emotional responses become more conscious and targeted: here he smiles, there he claps his hands, shouts or babbles [1].

Try to talk to your son as much as possible. At this age, babies do not understand words, but they already distinguish intonations. Experiments [2] have shown that infants almost do not react to neutral speech (for example, reading books without expression), but quickly and joyfully respond to affectionate and cheerful voices. Angry speech, on the contrary, slows down their reactions.


  1. Tronick, Edtward. The Neurobehavioral and Social-emotional Development of Infants and Children. Norton & company. 2007.
  2. Hemodynamic responses to emotional speech in two-month-old infants imaged using diffuse optical tomography. Shashank Shekhar, Ambika Maria, et al. Sci Rep., 2019.
Frequently asked questions

Babies begin showing significant emotional development between 2-6 months old. During this period, they start social smiling, cooing, following faces with their eyes, and responding to familiar voices like mama and dada.

Use affectionate, cheerful, and expressive tones when talking to your baby. Research shows babies respond joyfully to warm voices but react slowly to angry speech and barely respond to neutral, monotone voices.

Around 6 months, babies develop more conscious and targeted emotional responses. They smile deliberately, clap their hands, shout, babble, and show clear recognition of familiar people and objects.

No, babies don't understand words yet during the 2-6 month period. However, they can distinguish different voice intonations and respond emotionally to the tone and emotional quality of speech.

Medical Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

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Medically reviewed content

Reviewed by healthcare professionals · Updated September 4, 2024

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